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NEW QUESTION 108
In a certain nursery, 15 percent of the plants developed a fungus and died. If 40 percent of the plants that developed the fungus did not die, what percent of the plants in the nursery developed the fungus?
- A. 27%
- B. 25%
- C. 35%
- D. 55%
- E. 40%
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 109
An orchestra conductor a planning the group's next concert. The orchestra will play a total of 3 pieces, and the conductor requires the total playing time of the 3 pieces to be at least 90 minutes but no more than 120 minutes. The pieces the conductor is considering are listed below with the approximate playing time.
First the orchestra will play one of two preludes:
* Prelude A (10 minutes)
* Prelude 8 (28 minutes)
Next they will play one of two classical piano concertos:
* Concerto A (32 minutes)
* Concerto B (48 minutes)
Finally they will play one of two romantic symphonies:
* Symphony A (35 minutes)
* Symphony B (41 minutes)
Based on these approximate lengths, select for Piece X and for Piece K two different pieces so that Piece X will be played before Piece Y, and if the conductor chooses Piece X, then in of def to comply with the given time constraints, the conductor must also choose Piece Y. Make only two selections, one in each column.
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 110
The use o* bets in the 1998 study was intended to deflect objections that would be based on which of the following Issues?
- A. The possibility of research subjects interpreting "probability" so as not to conform to the mathematical principles, and the lack of motivation of some of the subjects
- B. The fact that some of the research subjects did not commit the conjunction fallacy
- C. The Interpretation of *by some study subjects to include additional Information, and their lack of concentration on the assigned tasks
- D. Failure of research subjects to recognize that adolescent smoking could decrease even when the cigarette tax remains the same
- E. The possibility of research subjects interpreting "probability" so as not to conform to the mathematical principles, and their interpretation of Xto include additional information
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
Mathematical principles of probability entail that for any future event, the probability that it will occur Is at least as great as the probability that both it and some other given event will occur. Consider, for example, the following statements that were shown to subjects in a 1998 study.
X The percentage of adolescent smokers In Texas will decrease at least 15% from current levels by September
1, 1999.
Y The cigarette tax in Texas will increase by $1.00 per pack in 1999.
Z The cigarette tax in Texas will increase by $1.00 per pack in 1999, and the percentage of adolescent smokers in Texas will decrease at least 15% from current levels by September 1, 1999.
Z("Kand X") could not have been more probable than X. Nevertheless, many of the subjects judged Zto be more probable than X.
This mistaken form of reasoning, displayed with surprising frequency in various studies in addition to the 1998 study, is known as the "conjunction fallacy." A number of researchers have offered alternative explanations for the seeming manifestations of the mistake, thus arguing that the fallacy is less widely committed than the various studies would indicate. Some have claimed that research subjects can take "probability" in a sense that does not conform to the mathematical principles of probability. Detailed descriptions of some such conceptions of "probability" have been developed under the names of "confirmation" and "support." Other researchers would claim, correctly, that subjects shown Z(" Kand X") and ^simultaneously will sometimes think of Xas involving the negation of Y-as a claim that the percentage of adolescent smokers in Texas will decrease, but without the $1.00 increase in the cigarette tax.
However, although the subjects in the 1998 study were to consider Xand Z simultaneously, the statements were presented in terms of bets rather than explicit requests for judgments of relative probability. Subjects were asked to choose between Zand X, with a chance of winning $50.00 if the chosen statement turned out to be true. Terms such as "most probable," "likely," etc., were thus avoided, and the interpretation of X\n conjunction with the negation of Kwas thereby eliminated. And with these alternative explanations eliminated, many of the subjects nonetheless bet on Zrather than X:
NEW QUESTION 111
Read each passage carefully and then choose the best answer to each question. Answer the questions based upon what is stated or implied in the reading passage.
For many years, there has been much hand-wringing over the fate of Social Security once the baby boomers reach retirement age. Baby boomers, people born between 1946 and 1964, represent the largest single sustained growth of population in the history of the United States. It is the sheer enormity of this generation that has had economists worried as retirement beckons. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, by 2020, an estimated 80,000,000 Americans will have reached or surpassed the conventional age of retirement. With so many boomers retiring and drawing benefits but no longer paying into Social Security, many fear that the Social Security fund itself could go bankrupt.
However, a study released by the American Association for Retired Persons (AARP) that examined baby boomers' plans for retirement found that for the most part, this generation is not expected to adhere to the conventional retirement scheme, a fact that may please the worriers in Washington, DC.
In its survey, the AARP broke baby boomers into different categories based on their financial standing, degree of preparedness for retirement, and optimism toward the future. The AARP found that of all groups surveyed, only 13% planned to stop working altogether once they reached retirement age; the remaining
87% planned to continue working for pay. The reasons to continue working varied among the different groups. For some, the plan to continue working is a financial decision. Between 25% and 44% of respondents reported they are not financially prepared to retire and will therefore continue working past retirement age. For the remainder of those planning to work past their mid to late 60s, the decision is based on long-held goals to start a business and/or the desire to stay active in their industry or community.
Eventually, most baby boomers will need to stop working as they progress into their 70s, 80s, and beyond.
But with such large numbers planning to continue working, thereby continuing to pay into the Social Security fund, perhaps Social Security will be able to withstand the end of the baby boom and continue to be a safety net for future generations.
The author cites statistics from the AARP survey primarily to
- A. suggests that better financial planning is needed for the elderly.
- B. supports the assertion that baby boomers are the largest group of retirees in U.S. history.
- C. show how optimistic baby boomers are about their future.
- D. show that baby boomers will not retire en masse as feared.
- E. show the correlation between retirement age and optimism.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The survey statistics demonstrate that most baby boomers will keep working, so the Social Security system will not encounter a sudden massive strain as baby boomers reach the retirement age. Choice a is incorrect because although the number of baby boomers is cited (80,000,000), no other figure is cited in comparison. One statistic from the survey suggests that many baby boomers have not planned well for retirement (choice c), but several other statistics are also cited, so this cannot be the main purpose.
The passage states that the survey was designed in part to measure baby boomers' optimism (choice d), but the passage does not cite results of questions in that category. Choice e is incorrect for the same reason.
NEW QUESTION 112 
- A. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
- B. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
- C. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
- D. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
- E. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 113
In 1980, a Danish ten-øre coin minted in 1747 was sold at auction for $8,000. Eleanor Bixby owns another Danish ten-øre coin minted in 1747. When she puts it on the market next week, it will fetch a price over
$18,000.
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the conclusion drawn above?
- A. Thirty prominent, wealthy coin collectors are expected to bid for Bixby's coin.
- B. Since 1980, the consumer price index has risen by over 150 percent.
- C. In 1986, a previously unknown cache of one hundred coins just like the one in question was found.
- D. There are only four coins like the one in question in the entire world.
- E. Since 1980, the average price for rare coins has increased by over 150 percent.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 114 
- A. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
- B. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
- C. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
- D. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
- E. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 115
In spite of an Impressive presence of Greek women In undergraduate and graduate business programs both in Greece and In other countries over the last decade, negative stereotyping of women managers.persists id Greek culture and may explain, at least In part, the well documented fact that women are still under-represented h the Greek bus ness community.
- A. Greek culture negatively stereotyping women managers persists,
- B. there are still negative stereotypes about women managers In Greek culture.
- C. persistent negative stereotypes in Greek culture about women managers,
- D. negative stereotyping of women managers persists in Greek culture
- E. women managers are still subject to negative stereotyping in Greek culture,
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 116
Which of the following is a claim made in the passage?
- A. Light travels at a constant speed through cool air.
- B. Microwaves are invisible to the human eye.
- C. Light travels more slowly through air than through a vacuum.
- D. Light changes its speed when it changes its direction.
- E. Light travels more slowly through water than through cold air.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Consider a mirage on a hot toad: when light tays hit the hot ait just above the surface, they bend. Although light moves through a vacuum at a certain constant speed, it moves more slowly through any transparent medium, such as water or gas. Light travels faster in the thin air near the road than it does in the colder, denser air above, and the difference in speed makes it shift direction as it crosses the boundary between the two. Rays once headed downwards from the sky are redirected to your eye, hiding part of the road with a shimmering image.
A research team has constructed an apparatus to cloak an object from electromagnetic radiation (EMR)-in this case, microwaves-making the object "invisible" to microwave-based detection devices, somewhat as a mirage on a hot road makes the road invisible. The apparatus bends incoming microwaves around the object, using a class of recently created metamaterials-materials that gain certain desired properties directly from their engineered structures rather than from their composition. These metamaterials possess the ability, not found in nature, to bend microwaves at extreme angles. The metamateria! in this case-thin, rigid sheets of fiberglass insulator stamped with conducting loops, coils, and tiny rectangles-was designed to control the movement of incoming EMR.
NEW QUESTION 117
The fewer restrictions there are on the advertising of legal services, the more lawyers there are who advertise their services, and the lawyers who advertise a specific service usually charge less for that service than lawyers who do not advertise. Therefore, if the state removes any of its current restrictions, such as the one against advertisements that do not specify fee arrangements, overall consumer legal costs will be lower than if the state retains its current restrictions.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the argument concerning overall consumer legal costs?
- A. The state has recently removed some other restrictions that had limited the advertising of legal services.
- B. Most lawyers who advertise specific services do not lower their fees for those services when they begin to advertise.
- C. Most lawyers who now specify fee arrangements in their advertisements would continue to do so even if the specification were not required.
- D. The state is unlikely to remove all of the restrictions that apply solely to the advertising of legal services.
- E. Lawyers who do not advertise generally provide legal services of the same quality as those provided by lawyers who do advertise.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 118
The most important aspect of moviemaking is conveying a scene's rhythm. Conveying rhythm depends less on the artistic quality of the individual photographic images than on how the shots go together and the order in which they highlight different aspects of the action taking place in front of the camera.
If the statements above are true, which of the following must be true on the basis of them?
- A. Photographers known for the superb artistic quality of their photographs are seldom effective as moviemakers.
- B. To convey a scene's rhythm effectively, a moviemaker must highlight many different aspects of the action taking place.
- C. Having the ability to produce photographs of superb artistic quality does not in itself guarantee having the ability to be a good moviemaker.
- D. Movie photographers who are good at their jobs rarely give serious thought to the artistic quality of the photographs they take.
- E. The artistic quality of the individual photographic image is unimportant in movie photography.
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 119
Opponents of laws that require automobile drivers and passengers to wear seat belts argue that in a free society people have the right to take risks as long as the people do not harm others as a result of taking the risks. As a result, they conclude that it should be each person's decision whether or not to wear a seat belt.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion drawn above?
- A. In automobile accidents, a greater number of passengers who do not wear seat belts are injured than are passengers who do wear seat belts.
- B. The rate of automobile fatalities in states that do not have mandatory seat-belt laws is greater than the rate of fatalities in states that do have such laws.
- C. Passengers in airplanes are required to wear seat belts during takeoffs and landings.
- D. Automobile insurance rates for all automobile owners are higher because of the need to pay for the increased injuries or deaths of people not wearing seat belts.
- E. Many new cars are built with seat belts that automatically fasten when someone sits in the front seat.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 120
Even though most universities retain the royalties from faculty members' inventions, the faculty members retain the royalties from books and articles they write. Therefore, faculty members should retain the royalties from the educational computer software they develop.
The conclusion above would be more reasonably drawn if which of the following were inserted into the argument as an additional premise?
- A. In terms of the criteria used to award royalties, educational software programs are more nearly comparable to books and articles than to inventions.
- B. Faculty members are more likely to produce educational software programs than inventions.
- C. Inventions bring more prestige to universities than do books and articles.
- D. Royalties from inventions are higher than royalties from educational software programs.
- E. In the experience of most universities, educational software programs are more marketable than are books and articles.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 121
Government regulations in Nation X require that milk products labeled "organic" come from cows that have access to pasture. Many industrial dairies have begun using the organic label on their products even though their cows spend most of their milk-bearing lives confined to feed lots eating grain. Critics charge that industrial dairy cows spend too little time grazing in pastures for their milk to bear the organic label, but the cows' owners insist that the animals are in good health and show no signs of discontent.
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to determine whether the industrial dairies' use of the organic label complies with government regulations?
- A. The average amount of grass eaten by a cow from an industrial dairy that uses the organic label, as compared to the average amount of grass eaten by a cow from a smaller organic dairy farm
- B. By what criteria a cow is considered to be "in good health," according to government regulation
- C. The effects on milk prices of the wider use of the organic label
- D. The nutritional value of the milk labeled organic that is produced by cows from industrial dairies
- E. The meaning of "access to pasture," as stipulated by government regulation
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 122
Although aspirin has been proven to eliminate moderate fever associated with some illnesses, many doctors no longer routinely recommend its use for this purpose. A moderate fever stimulates the activity of the body's disease-fighting white blood cells and also inhibits the growth of many strains of disease- causing bacteria.
If the statements above are true, which of the following conclusions is most strongly supported by them?
- A. The focus of modern medicine is on inhibiting the growth of disease-causing bacteria within the body.
- B. Aspirin inhibits the growth of white blood cells, which are necessary for fighting some illnesses.
- C. Aspirin can prolong a patient's illness by eliminating moderate fever helpful in fighting some diseases.
- D. Aspirin, an effective painkiller, alleviates the pain and discomfort of many illnesses.
- E. The more white blood cells a patient's body produces, the less severe the patient's illness will be.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 123 
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
- E. 4
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 124
Two years ago all automobile dealers in Laurentia began instaling antitheft alarms in all the new cars they sold. Critics of this policy predicted that when thieves could no longer find new cars without alarms, a car alarm in a new car would not deter thieves to the degree it once did. Clearly, however, the critics were wrong:
whereas in the last two years the annual number of car thefts in Laurentia has remained about the same as in previous years, last year the proportion of cars stolen that were recently purchased new cars was substantially smaller than it had been two years ago.
In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following rotes?
- A. The first is a criticism that has been directed against the position that the argument advocates; the second is evidence on which that criticism has been based. The first is a criticism of a position that the argument opposes; the second is evidence on which t^i criticism is based.
- B. The first is a claim that has been advanced in support of a position that the argument opposes; the second is evidence that has been used to support that position.
- C. The first is a prediction that, according to the argument, has proved wrong; the second is evidence on which that assessment of the prediction is based.
- D. The first is a prediction that, according to the argument, has proved wrong; the second is evidence that has been used to argue that the prediction was accurate.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 125
Since the mayor's publicity campaign for Greenville's bus service began six months ago, morning automobile traffic into the midtown area of the city has decreased seven percent. During the same period, there has been an equivalent rise in the number of persons riding buses into the midtown area. Obviously, the mayor's publicity campaign has convinced many people to leave their cars at home and ride the bus to work.
Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the conclusion drawn above?
- A. Fares for all bus routes in Greenville have risen an average of five percent during the past six months.
- B. Road reconstruction has greatly reduced the number of lanes available to commuters in major streets leading to the midtown area during the past six months.
- C. The mayor of Greenville rides the bus to City Hall in the city's midtown area.
- D. The number of buses entering the midtown area of Greenville during the morning hours is exactly the same now as it was one year ago.
- E. Surveys show that longtime bus riders are no more satisfied with the Greenville bus service than they were before the mayor's publicity campaign began.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 126
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